Topological data analysis of human vowels: Persistent homologies across representation spaces

Topological Data Analysis (TDA) has been successfully used for various tasks in signal/image processing, from visualization to supervised/unsupervised classification. Often, topological characteristics are obtained from persistent homology theory. The standard TDA pipeline starts from the raw signal data or a representation of it. Then, it consists in building a multiscale topological structure on the top of the data using a pre-specified filtration, and finally to compute the topological signature to be further exploited. The commonly used topological signature is a persistent diagram (or transformations of it). Current research discusses the consequences of the many ways to exploit topological signatures, much less often the choice of the filtration, but to the best of our knowledge, the choice of the representation of a signal has not been the subject of any study yet. This paper attempts to provide some answers on the latter problem. To this end, we collected real audio data and built a comparative study to assess the quality of the discriminant information of the topological signatures extracted from three different representation spaces. Each audio signal is represented as i) an embedding of observed data in a higher dimensional space using Taken's representation, ii) a spectrogram viewed as a surface in a 3D ambient space, iii) the set of spectrogram's zeroes. From vowel audio recordings, we use topological signature for three prediction problems: speaker gender, vowel type, and individual. We show that topologically-augmented random forest improves the Out-of-Bag Error (OOB) over solely based Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) for the last two problems. Our results also suggest that the topological information extracted from different signal representations is complementary, and that spectrogram's zeros offers the best improvement for gender prediction

Detecting human and non-human vocal productions in large scale audio recordings

We propose an automatic data processing pipeline to extract vocal productions from large-scale natural audio recordings. Through a series of computational steps (windowing, creation of a noise class, data augmentation, re-sampling, transfer learning, Bayesian optimisation), it automatically trains a neural network for detecting various types of natural vocal productions in a noisy data stream without requiring a large sample of labeled data. We test it on two different data sets, one from a group of Guinea baboons recorded from a primate research center and one from human babies recorded at home. The pipeline trains a model on 72 and 77 minutes of labeled audio recordings, with an accuracy of 94.58% and 99.76%. It is then used to process 443 and 174 hours of natural continuous recordings and it creates two new databases of 38.8 and 35.2 hours, respectively. We discuss the strengths and limitations of this approach that can be applied to any massive audio recording

Singularités, objectivité et performativité en sciences sociales

Cet article a pour objet de proposer une double articulation pour l’analyse des systèmes théoriques en SHS qui permette une interaction facilitée avec l’informatique et les sciences de la nature, et qui donne des clefs épistémologiques pour étudier l’évolution de ces syste`mes, leurs particularités et leurs adaptations possibles aux objets étudiés. Sans pouvoir être exhaustifs, nous tentons de proposer des ouvertures, en nous basant sur la logique et la géométrie de la connaissance, et en tenant compte de la spécificité des sciences humaines et sociales

Interaction et signification

Les ismes n-aires La logique moderne est traversée par de nombreuses lignes de démarcation, dont aucune ne permet de mesurer l’étendue réelle du domaine. Par l’accumulation de ces oppositions duales, on atteint une sorte de saturation du débat qui fait passer au second plan l’objet pour ne retenir que les querelles de clocher et les positions dogmatiques. On connaît par exemple l’opposition entre classiques et intuitionnistes, qui n’est pas sans lien avec celle des formalistes et des construc..

La vie des preuves

Nous proposons une conjecture qui vise à explorer les possibilités d’une théorie de la signification qui ne se baserait ni sur l’analyse des énoncés du langage, ni sur les références objectives de nos énoncés. Cette conjecture est permise par de récents progrès logiques qui donnent les bases nécessaires notamment à la fondation d’une signification par l’usage, dans un système conventionnaliste et holiste. L’intérêt d’une telle démarche, outre l’élaboration d’un modèle conceptuel, est de permettre une autre fondation de la communication interhumaine et de l’apprentissage

CoOPILOT: Designing an Integrated Platform for Participation & Transition Engineering

Participatory policy making, in multi-stakeholders, inter-sectoral and multi-level contexts, is an intricate process which requires addressing various needs, constraints and steps.Moreover, beyond the in-presence protocols which we have implemented, for a sake of social extension (“massification”), autonomization and compliance with current practices, the switch to digital solutions is obviously required. For participants who are often reluctant to engage in a long, complex and sometimes doubtful pathway, it appears crucial to support them step after step in the decision procedure, to value and share all knowledge produced on the way and thereby to improve the efficiency of participation. Ultimately, based on the background of some CoOPLAGE authors, we aim at implementing Artificial Intelligence solutions, i.e. multi-agent based support for participation.In terms of public policy support and transitions, the ultimate goal is to value the large experience of the CoOPLAGE tools and case studies, to transfer it in a generic platformopen for all stakeholders, which would give them the capacity to design, pilot, participate, evaluate some integrated participatory processes. It should propose solutions beyond the existing large set of participation platforms with a focus on the global CoOPLAGE decision cycle (cf. part yyy). It should value the transversal role of participatory modeling (cf. part xxx), support the process of “participatory engineering of participation” (part zzz) and implement its following steps. As such, it is intended as a coherent “companion” to process managers and participants, which should strengthen the actual mobilization of participation in democratic decision making, and foster trust between citizens and institutions. These goals raise several research and design questions, mainly related to the integration of steps and tools in the procedure, and to the capitalization of knowledge.We discuss in a first part the target implementation context and a reference use scenario which shaped the design. In the second part of this chapter, we describe the structuralchoices, the architecture and finally we discuss ongoing evolutions. This chapter is structured as a design document and not as a scientific contribution, which will come later inthe experimental phases

CoOPILOT: Designing an Integrated Platform for Participation & Transition Engineering

Participatory policy making, in multi-stakeholders, inter-sectoral and multi-level contexts, is an intricate process which requires addressing various needs, constraints and steps.Moreover, beyond the in-presence protocols which we have implemented, for a sake of social extension (“massification”), autonomization and compliance with current practices, the switch to digital solutions is obviously required. For participants who are often reluctant to engage in a long, complex and sometimes doubtful pathway, it appears crucial to support them step after step in the decision procedure, to value and share all knowledge produced on the way and thereby to improve the efficiency of participation. Ultimately, based on the background of some CoOPLAGE authors, we aim at implementing Artificial Intelligence solutions, i.e. multi-agent based support for participation.In terms of public policy support and transitions, the ultimate goal is to value the large experience of the CoOPLAGE tools and case studies, to transfer it in a generic platformopen for all stakeholders, which would give them the capacity to design, pilot, participate, evaluate some integrated participatory processes. It should propose solutions beyond the existing large set of participation platforms with a focus on the global CoOPLAGE decision cycle (cf. part yyy). It should value the transversal role of participatory modeling (cf. part xxx), support the process of “participatory engineering of participation” (part zzz) and implement its following steps. As such, it is intended as a coherent “companion” to process managers and participants, which should strengthen the actual mobilization of participation in democratic decision making, and foster trust between citizens and institutions. These goals raise several research and design questions, mainly related to the integration of steps and tools in the procedure, and to the capitalization of knowledge.We discuss in a first part the target implementation context and a reference use scenario which shaped the design. In the second part of this chapter, we describe the structuralchoices, the architecture and finally we discuss ongoing evolutions. This chapter is structured as a design document and not as a scientific contribution, which will come later inthe experimental phases

CoOPILOT: Designing an Integrated Platform for Participation & Transition Engineering

Participatory policy making, in multi-stakeholders, inter-sectoral and multi-level contexts, is an intricate process which requires addressing various needs, constraints and steps.Moreover, beyond the in-presence protocols which we have implemented, for a sake of social extension (“massification”), autonomization and compliance with current practices, the switch to digital solutions is obviously required. For participants who are often reluctant to engage in a long, complex and sometimes doubtful pathway, it appears crucial to support them step after step in the decision procedure, to value and share all knowledge produced on the way and thereby to improve the efficiency of participation. Ultimately, based on the background of some CoOPLAGE authors, we aim at implementing Artificial Intelligence solutions, i.e. multi-agent based support for participation.In terms of public policy support and transitions, the ultimate goal is to value the large experience of the CoOPLAGE tools and case studies, to transfer it in a generic platformopen for all stakeholders, which would give them the capacity to design, pilot, participate, evaluate some integrated participatory processes. It should propose solutions beyond the existing large set of participation platforms with a focus on the global CoOPLAGE decision cycle (cf. part yyy). It should value the transversal role of participatory modeling (cf. part xxx), support the process of “participatory engineering of participation” (part zzz) and implement its following steps. As such, it is intended as a coherent “companion” to process managers and participants, which should strengthen the actual mobilization of participation in democratic decision making, and foster trust between citizens and institutions. These goals raise several research and design questions, mainly related to the integration of steps and tools in the procedure, and to the capitalization of knowledge.We discuss in a first part the target implementation context and a reference use scenario which shaped the design. In the second part of this chapter, we describe the structuralchoices, the architecture and finally we discuss ongoing evolutions. This chapter is structured as a design document and not as a scientific contribution, which will come later inthe experimental phases

Ouvrir la logique au monde : Philosophie et mathématique de l'interaction

Proceedings of a CNRS "sciences and philosophy" thematic school, organizd by the group LIGC (Logique et Interaction - vers une Geometrie du Cognitif) at the Centre Culturel International de Cerisy-la-Salle, from 19 to 26 september 2006. Views of philosophers and scientists of various horizons about philosophical questions in contemporary science.Ce volume regroupe des textes issus de l'Ecole thématique Sciences & Philosophie du CNRS, organisée par le groupe LIGC (Logique et Interaction - vers une Géométrie du Cognitif) au Centre Culturel International de Cerisy-la-Salle, du 19 au 26 septembre 2006. Il s'agit de travaux de réflexions de philosophes et de scientifiques d'horizons divers, sur les enjeux philosophiques de la science contemporaine

Ludics, Dialogue and Interaction: PRELUDE Project - 2006-2009. Revised Selected Papers

The article collected in this volume are based on contributions to workshops and meetings that were held within the context of the PRELUDE Project